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 | Firstly, thanks for the overwhelming comments and feedback. Genuinely really appreciated. I am pleased 500+ of you find it useful. submitted by getmrmarket to Forex [link] [comments] If you didn't read the first post you can do so here: risk management part I. You'll need to do so in order to make sense of the topic. As ever please comment/reply below with questions or feedback and I'll do my best to get back to you. Part II
Letting stops breatheWe talked earlier about giving a position enough room to breathe so it is not stopped out in day-to-day noise.Let’s consider the chart below and imagine you had a trailing stop. It would be super painful to miss out on the wider move just because you left a stop that was too tight. Imagine being long and stopped out on a meaningless retracement ... ouch! One simple technique is simply to look at your chosen chart - let’s say daily bars. And then look at previous trends and use the measuring tool. Those generally look something like this and then you just click and drag to measure. For example if we wanted to bet on a downtrend on the chart above we might look at the biggest retracement on the previous uptrend. That max drawdown was about 100 pips or just under 1%. So you’d want your stop to be able to withstand at least that. If market conditions have changed - for example if CVIX has risen - and daily ranges are now higher you should incorporate that. If you know a big event is coming up you might think about that, too. The human brain is a remarkable tool and the power of the eye-ball method is not to be dismissed. This is how most discretionary traders do it. There are also more analytical approaches. Some look at the Average True Range (ATR). This attempts to capture the volatility of a pair, typically averaged over a number of sessions. It looks at three separate measures and takes the largest reading. Think of this as a moving average of how much a pair moves. For example, below shows the daily move in EURUSD was around 60 pips before spiking to 140 pips in March. Conditions were clearly far more volatile in March. Accordingly, you would need to leave your stop further away in March and take a correspondingly smaller position size. ATR is available on pretty much all charting systems Professional traders tend to use standard deviation as a measure of volatility instead of ATR. There are advantages and disadvantages to both. Averages are useful but can be misleading when regimes switch (see above chart). Once you have chosen a measure of volatility, stop distance can then be back-tested and optimised. For example does 2x ATR work best or 5x ATR for a given style and time horizon? Discretionary traders may still eye-ball the ATR or standard deviation to get a feeling for how it has changed over time and what ‘normal’ feels like for a chosen study period - daily, weekly, monthly etc. Reasons to change a stopAs a general rule you should be disciplined and not change your stops. Remember - losers average losers. This is really hard at first and we’re going to look at that in more detail later.There are some good reasons to modify stops but they are rare. One reason is if another risk management process demands you stop trading and close positions. We’ll look at this later. In that case just close out your positions at market and take the loss/gains as they are. Another is event risk. If you have some big upcoming data like Non Farm Payrolls that you know can move the market +/- 150 pips and you have no edge going into the release then many traders will take off or scale down their positions. They’ll go back into the positions when the data is out and the market has quietened down after fifteen minutes or so. This is a matter of some debate - many traders consider it a coin toss and argue you win some and lose some and it all averages out. Trailing stops can also be used to ‘lock in’ profits. We looked at those before. As the trade moves in your favour (say up if you are long) the stop loss ratchets with it. This means you may well end up ‘stopping out’ at a profit - as per the below example. The mighty trailing stop loss order It is perfectly reasonable to have your stop loss move in the direction of PNL. This is not exposing you to more risk than you originally were comfortable with. It is taking less and less risk as the trade moves in your favour. Trend-followers in particular love trailing stops. One final question traders ask is what they should do if they get stopped out but still like the trade. Should they try the same trade again a day later for the same reasons? Nope. Look for a different trade rather than getting emotionally wed to the original idea. Let’s say a particular stock looked cheap based on valuation metrics yesterday, you bought, it went down and you got stopped out. Well, it is going to look even better on those same metrics today. Maybe the market just doesn’t respect value at the moment and is driven by momentum. Wait it out. Otherwise, why even have a stop in the first place? Entering and exiting winning positionsTake profits are the opposite of stop losses. They are also resting orders, left with the broker, to automatically close your position if it reaches a certain price.Imagine I’m long EURUSD at 1.1250. If it hits a previous high of 1.1400 (150 pips higher) I will leave a sell order to take profit and close the position. The rookie mistake on take profits is to take profit too early. One should start from the assumption that you will win on no more than half of your trades. Therefore you will need to ensure that you win more on the ones that work than you lose on those that don’t. Sad to say but incredibly common: retail traders often take profits way too early This is going to be the exact opposite of what your emotions want you to do. We are going to look at that in the Psychology of Trading chapter. Remember: let winners run. Just like stops you need to know in advance the level where you will close out at a profit. Then let the trade happen. Don’t override yourself and let emotions force you to take a small profit. A classic mistake to avoid. The trader puts on a trade and it almost stops out before rebounding. As soon as it is slightly in the money they spook and cut out, instead of letting it run to their original take profit. Do not do this. Entering positions with limit ordersThat covers exiting a position but how about getting into one?Take profits can also be left speculatively to enter a position. Sometimes referred to as “bids” (buy orders) or “offers” (sell orders). Imagine the price is 1.1250 and the recent low is 1.1205. You might wish to leave a bid around 1.2010 to enter a long position, if the market reaches that price. This way you don’t need to sit at the computer and wait. Again, typically traders will use tech analysis to identify attractive levels. Again - other traders will cluster with your orders. Just like the stop loss we need to bake that in. So this time if we know everyone is going to buy around the recent low of 1.1205 we might leave the take profit bit a little bit above there at 1.1210 to ensure it gets done. Sure it costs 5 more pips but how mad would you be if the low was 1.1207 and then it rallied a hundred points and you didn’t have the trade on?! There are two more methods that traders often use for entering a position. Scaling in is one such technique. Let’s imagine that you think we are in a long-term bulltrend for AUDUSD but experiencing a brief retracement. You want to take a total position of 500,000 AUD and don’t have a strong view on the current price action. You might therefore leave a series of five bids of 100,000. As the price moves lower each one gets hit. The nice thing about scaling in is it reduces pressure on you to pick the perfect level. Of course the risk is that not all your orders get hit before the price moves higher and you have to trade at-market. Pyramiding is the second technique. Pyramiding is for take profits what a trailing stop loss is to regular stops. It is especially common for momentum traders. Pyramiding into a position means buying more as it goes in your favour Again let’s imagine we’re bullish AUDUSD and want to take a position of 500,000 AUD. Here we add 100,000 when our first signal is reached. Then we add subsequent clips of 100,000 when the trade moves in our favour. We are waiting for confirmation that the move is correct. Obviously this is quite nice as we humans love trading when it goes in our direction. However, the drawback is obvious: we haven’t had the full amount of risk on from the start of the trend. You can see the attractions and drawbacks of both approaches. It is best to experiment and choose techniques that work for your own personal psychology as these will be the easiest for you to stick with and build a disciplined process around. Risk:reward and win ratiosBe extremely skeptical of people who claim to win on 80% of trades. Most traders will win on roughly 50% of trades and lose on 50% of trades. This is why risk management is so important!Once you start keeping a trading journal you’ll be able to see how the win/loss ratio looks for you. Until then, assume you’re typical and that every other trade will lose money. If that is the case then you need to be sure you make more on the wins than you lose on the losses. You can see the effect of this below. A combination of win % and risk:reward ratio determine if you are profitable A typical rule of thumb is that a ratio of 1:3 works well for most traders. That is, if you are prepared to risk 100 pips on your stop you should be setting a take profit at a level that would return you 300 pips. One needn’t be religious about these numbers - 11 pips and 28 pips would be perfectly fine - but they are a guideline. Again - you should still use technical analysis to find meaningful chart levels for both the stop and take profit. Don’t just blindly take your stop distance and do 3x the pips on the other side as your take profit. Use the ratio to set approximate targets and then look for a relevant resistance or support level in that kind of region. Risk-adjusted returnsNot all returns are equal. Suppose you are examining the track record of two traders. Now, both have produced a return of 14% over the year. Not bad!The first trader, however, made hundreds of small bets throughout the year and his cumulative PNL looked like the left image below. The second trader made just one bet — he sold CADJPY at the start of the year — and his PNL looked like the right image below with lots of large drawdowns and volatility. Would you rather have the first trading record or the second? If you were investing money and betting on who would do well next year which would you choose? Of course all sensible people would choose the first trader. Yet if you look only at returns one cannot distinguish between the two. Both are up 14% at that point in time. This is where the Sharpe ratio helps . A high Sharpe ratio indicates that a portfolio has better risk-adjusted performance. One cannot sensibly compare returns without considering the risk taken to earn that return. If I can earn 80% of the return of another investor at only 50% of the risk then a rational investor should simply leverage me at 2x and enjoy 160% of the return at the same level of risk. This is very important in the context of Execution Advisor algorithms (EAs) that are popular in the retail community. You must evaluate historic performance by its risk-adjusted return — not just the nominal return. Incidentally look at the Sharpe ratio of ones that have been live for a year or more ... Otherwise an EA developer could produce two EAs: the first simply buys at 1000:1 leverage on January 1st ; and the second sells in the same manner. At the end of the year, one of them will be discarded and the other will look incredible. Its risk-adjusted return, however, would be abysmal and the odds of repeated success are similarly poor. Sharpe ratioThe Sharpe ratio works like this:
You don’t really need to know how to calculate Sharpe ratios. Good trading software will do this for you. It will either be available in the system by default or you can add a plug-in. VARVAR is another useful measure to help with drawdowns. It stands for Value at Risk. Normally people will use 99% VAR (conservative) or 95% VAR (aggressive). Let’s say you’re long EURUSD and using 95% VAR. The system will look at the historic movement of EURUSD. It might spit out a number of -1.2%. A 5% VAR of -1.2% tells you you should expect to lose 1.2% on 5% of days, whilst 95% of days should be better than that This means it is expected that on 5 days out of 100 (hence the 95%) the portfolio will lose 1.2% or more. This can help you manage your capital by taking appropriately sized positions. Typically you would look at VAR across your portfolio of trades rather than trade by trade. Sharpe ratios and VAR don’t give you the whole picture, though. Legendary fund manager, Howard Marks of Oaktree, notes that, while tools like VAR and Sharpe ratios are helpful and absolutely necessary, the best investors will also overlay their own judgment. Investors can calculate risk metrics like VaR and Sharpe ratios (we use them at Oaktree; they’re the best tools we have), but they shouldn’t put too much faith in them. The bottom line for me is that risk management should be the responsibility of every participant in the investment process, applying experience, judgment and knowledge of the underlying investments.Howard Marks of Oaktree Capital What he’s saying is don’t misplace your common sense. Do use these tools as they are helpful. However, you cannot fully rely on them. Both assume a normal distribution of returns. Whereas in real life you get “black swans” - events that should supposedly happen only once every thousand years but which actually seem to happen fairly often. These outlier events are often referred to as “tail risk”. Don’t make the mistake of saying “well, the model said…” - overlay what the model is telling you with your own common sense and good judgment. Coming up in part IIIAvailable hereSqueezes and other risks Market positioning Bet correlation Crap trades, timeouts and monthly limits *** Disclaimer:This content is not investment advice and you should not place any reliance on it. The views expressed are the author's own and should not be attributed to any other person, including their employer. |
| Platform | Notes |
|---|---|
| ADM Investor Services | No API |
| Ally Invest | Does not support futures instruments |
| Alpaca | Only supports US Equities |
| Alpha Vantage | Does not support futures instruments |
| AMP | Broker with a huge number of platforms available including some with APIs |
| ApexFutures | No API |
| Arcade Trader | No API |
| AvaTrade | Does not support futures instruments |
| Backtrader | Not a data feed; otherwise looks cool but also looks like a one-man shop |
| Cannon Trading | Broker with a variety of platforms, some have API access such as TT |
| Centerpoint | No API |
| Charles Schwab | API does not support futures instruments |
| Cobra | No API |
| Daniels Trading | No API |
| Discount Trading | Broker with a variety of platforms including CQG, Rithmic, TT, some with APIs |
| Edge Clear | Broker with a variety of platforms including CQG, Rithmic, TT, some with APIs |
| Eroom | Now part of Dashprime. Offer a variety of APIs including CQG, TT, CBOE's Silexx, and others via FIX. |
| ETNA Trader | Only supports equities, options (including multi-legs), ETFs, Mutual Funds (Forex with cryptocurrencies coming soon) |
| ETrade | API seems robust but OAuth authorization needs to be refreshed via login once per 24 hours |
| Futures Online | No API |
| Gain Capital Futures | API available, based on .NET; unsure if they are open to retail clients |
| GFF Brokers | Broker with a large number of platforms including some with API access |
| High Ridge Futures | Broker with a variety of platforms including CQG, Rithmic, TT, some with APIs |
| iBroker | API available; contact them for more info |
| IEX Cloud | Looks great but does not support futures instruments |
| Infinity Futures | JSON API available; contact them for more info |
| Interactive Brokers | Client Web API looks promising if clunky |
| Intrinio | Supports futures instruments but is expensive |
| Koyfin | No API |
| Lightspeed | C++ API available |
| marketstack | API for equities available. Does not support futures instruments. |
| Medved Trader | Windows app with a streaming API to various data sources and brokers. See comment below about API beta access. |
| NinjaTrader | Does not support futures options |
| Norgate Data | Not a broker; supports futures data for $270/year |
| Oanda | Forex only; API last updated in 2018 |
| Optimus Futures | Broker with a large number of available platforms including some with API access |
| Phillip Capital | Broker with a large number of available platforms including some with API access |
| polygon.io | Expensive but looks slick; does not support futures instruments |
| Quandl | API looks solid; $49/monthly for personal use, does not allow distributing or sharing data; not a broker |
| Quantconnect | Does not expose raw data |
| Quantopian | Does not expose raw data |
| Quantower | Software that connects to multiple brokers and data feeds; API to their software via C# interface |
| Saxo Markets | Broker with extensively documented API |
| Stage 5 Trading | API available through Trading Technologies |
| Straits Financial | Broker with several platforms available including some with APIs such as CQG, R |
| Sweet Futures | Broker with a large number of available platforms including some with API access |
| TastyWorks | There's an unofficial Python API |
| TenQuant.io | Does not support futures instruments |
| ThinkorSwim | Does not support futures instruments via the API |
| Tiingo | Free account tier but does not support futures instruments |
| TradePro | Broker with a number of platforms available; unclear if any are available with API access |
| Tradier | Free developer API account for delayed data but does not support futures instruments |
| TradeStation | Nice looking API docs and supports futures instruments; requires opening an account and a minimum balance of $100k and there’s no trial available |
| TradeFutures4Less | Broker with a variety of platforms including CQG, Rithmic, TT, some with APIs |
| TradingTechnologies | API looks robust; pricing starts at $700/month |
| TradingView | Does not expose data API |
| Tradovate Technologies | API exists, documentation unknown; need to talk to their account team |
| Wedbush Futures | Broker with several platforms offered, a few of which have API access |
| WEX | .NET/COM only; pricing not disclosed on website |
| Xignite | Pricing not disclosed on website but they do support futures instruments |
| Yahoo Finance API | Available through RapidAPI or via direct access; but it’s discontinued and unreliable |
| Zaner | Broker with a variety of platforms including CQG, Rithmic, TT, some with APIs |
 | vfxAlert it's a tool for a binary options traders which they will use in their own trading strategies. Using vfxAlert assumes that the users are conversant in the essential principles of the forex market. and that they understand the principles of technical analysis and statistical methods. There are two main ways the way to use vfxAlert: submitted by vfxAlert3 to u/vfxAlert3 [link] [comments] Create a trading strategy supported signals of vfxAlert. Using adaptive algorithm for confirmation signals of existing trading strategy. Especially For Beginners Most of you think that binary options it's easy, that's absolutely wrong. Please feel the difference between easy to trade and simply earn money. Binary options are easy to trade - that's true... But successful trading requires discipline and strict compliance with the principles of the trading strategy. It's are going to be very difficult to know what exactly vfxAlert propose and the way to use of these statistical data. Our recommendation is to use free signals within the free version and learn technical analysis and statistical principles. Trade 2 hours per day less . Trade at an equivalent time a day . Trade long-term signals. (Min. 5 min expiration time) Learn about assets what you getting to trade. How price moves in several trading sessions. See how trend influence on signals profitable. See how heatmaps&power influence on signals profitable. Analyse your trading statistics. Trade on demo-account. After one month you'll feel the market and possible you'll be ready to create your first trading strategy. Signals for binary options, Best binary options signals, Free Binary Options Signals, Binary Options Signals, binary signals, binary options signals software !Important: Signals aren't a recommendation for action. Signals are the results of marketing research on a specific algorithm, a trader has got to understand how signals are formed, and what's current market tendencies to form the proper decision. Signals for binary options !Important: vfxAlert don't offer trading strategies. vfxAlert offer signals and real-time statistics counting on current indicators values. See below: The trading strategy may be a system of rules, on the idea of which the trader makes his own decisions. Such a system is made only on the idea of individual trading experience, gleaned knowledge and purchased skills. The strategy allows a deep understanding of the structure of the market and therefore the mechanisms of its operation, therefore, the exchange player makes decisions supported the present situation. On the idea of a private strategy, a trader can develop several trading systems and use them counting on market conditions. The strategy always takes under consideration fundamental factors, statistical data, also because the basic postulates of risk and money management. |
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